Writing Task 1 - Table - Phương pháp chung

1. Phương pháp chung

Về cơ bản, biểu đồ dạng table viết không có gì khác với dạng line graph, bar chart hay pie chart. Bạn bố cục bài viết gồm 4 phần: Introduction, Overview, Body 1, Body 2. Thực tế có thể biến bảng thông tin thành các biểu đồ đường (nếu bảng thông tin qua các năm), biểu đồ tròn và biểu đồ cột.

Chú ý: Sử dụng các câu văn, từ vựng mô tả nhóm tuổi linh hoạt

Mở bài

• Paraphrase lại đề bài

Overview:

• Nếu thấy bài có sự thay đổi theo thời gian -> nên tìm đặc điểm về xu hướng trước (đây thường là đặc điểm quan trọng cần lưu ý trước tiên).
• Cố gắng so sánh tất cả hạng mục (ở các cột và dòng) với nhau thay vì từng ô riêng lẻ ở bảng thông tin.
• Nếu bạn không thể so sánh tất cả hạng mục, hãy so sánh các yếu tố chiếm tỷ lệ lớn nhất và nhỏ nhất.
• Viết 2 câu cho phần tổng quan (nếu không thì viết 1 câu có 2 ý nêu rõ 2 đặc điểm)

Thân bài

• Tìm các yếu tố quan trọng trong biểu đồ.
• Nếu bảng thông tin hiển thị thông tin theo năm, hãy chú ý đến những sự thay đổi lớn nhất trong khoảng thời gian đó.
• Nhớ không bao giờ mô tả số liệu riêng rẽ, luôn cố gắng so sánh càng nhiều càng tốt. Cố gắng chia thành 2 nhóm (Ví dụ: một nhóm số liệu lớn nhất, một nhóm số liệu nhỏ nhất, hoặc nhóm số liệu bằng nhau)

2. Ví dụ 1

Mở bài:

Câu của đề bài: The table shows the percentage of school aged boys in two different age groups who participated in 5 different sports in the UK in 2010.

Câu viết lại: The table shows data on the proportion of schoolboys in 2 separate age groups who took part in playing 5 kinds of sports in the UK in 2010.

Overview

Overall, the figures for boys between 6 and 11 years old are always higher than those for the older boys, with the notable exception of swimming, which is the same.

Chú ý có thể dùng đặc điểm khác chẳng hạn như football được ưa thích nhất.

Thân bài

Nhóm 3 hạng mục có số liệu lớn nhất là footbal, basketball và cricket vào khổ 1. Khổ 2 nhóm 2 hạng mục có số liệu tương tự nhau và bằng nhau.

While 87% of 6-to 11-year-olds played soccer, the percentage of boys between 12 and 16 was slightly lower, at 78%. Only 25% of the older age group played basketball, compared to 35% of the younger boys. The percentage of younger boys who participated in cricket was 45% and 34% for the older group; a difference of 11%.

In this same year, the proportion of both age groups in the UK who liked swimming was the same, at 19%. Additionally, the UK saw a similar figure for schoolboys aged 6-11 and 12-16 who played rugby in 2010 , at 23% and 21% respectively.

Note: If we describe something as ‘similar’we already mean that it is “nearly/almost the same’.

3. Ví dụ 2

Proportion of household income five European countries spend on food and drink, housing, clothing and entertainment.

The table compares the percentage of income which residents in five European nations spend monthly on four different categories of expenditure.

Overall, in all five countries, citizens spend the highest proportion of their incomes on the first two categories – food and drink, and housing. Their percentage of expenditure on clothing and entertainment, in contrast, is significantly less.

Households in Turkey and Spain spend the highest proportions of their monthly income on food and drink, with 36% and 31% respectively. However, in UK, French and German households these figures are significantly less at 27%, 25% and 22% respectively. The proportion spent on housing accounts for 37% of monthly income in the UK, 31% in France and 33% in Germany. These figures are much higher than monthly housing expenditure in Turkey [20%] and Spain [18%].

The proportion of their income which households in these countries spend on the last two categories is much lower. Spending on clothing is just 7% in France and 8% in Spain, while German households spend the highest proportion at 15%. The range of expenditure on entertainment varies from only 10% in Turkey to 19% in Germany.

Bài tham khảo khác:

The table gives information about the percentage of income which residents in 5 European nations spend on 4 different items every month.

Overall, in all five countries, citizens spend the highest proportion of their incomes on food, drink and housing and significantly less on clothing and entertainment’.

Turkish and Spanish households spend the highest percentage of their income on food and drink monthly with 36% and 31% respectively. However, only 27% of the income is spent on this item by UK households, compared with 25% by French and 22% by German people. By comparison, people in all other nations tend to spend the highest proportion of their income on housing. In France, Germany and the UK, people spend more than 30% of their income on this item, at 31%, 33% and 37% respectively. The figure for Turkey is 20% and Spain is 18%.

The percentages of income citizens pay for clothing and entertainment are lower. In France and Spain, people spend only 7% and 8% of their wages on clothing respectively. The figures for the remaining nations are not above 15%. Likewise, the average percentage of income that residents spend on entertainment is only from 10% to 19% in these five countries.